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NAIL. No. 280,801. Patented July 10, 1883.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY s. GUSHMAN, or MILFORD, MASSACHUSETTS.

-NAIL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 280,801, dated July 10,1883.- Application filed March 5,1883. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY SMITH GUsH- MAN, of Milford, in the county of Worcester, of the State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Nails and I do hereby declare the same to be described in the following specification and represented in the accompanying drawings, of which Figure 1 is a side view, and Fig. 2 an edge view, of a compound nail-plate as made for the production of nails of my invention. Fig. 3 is an edge view, and Fig. 4. a side View, .of a nail as cut from such plate. Fig. 5 is a top view of what I term nail-wire, as made for the manufacture of -my improved nails. Fig. 6 is a view of a nail made from such wire and twisted. Fig. 7 is a view of a piece of the nail-wire as it appears when in a twisted state.

My invention is specially intended for nails-such as are usually termed clinchingnailS that is, such as are employed in nailing or confining in place the soles of shoes, the nails in such case being clinched against a last of metal, or one of wood, and plated or re-enforced on its bottom with or by ametallic plate, It is very desirable for the clinch of the nail to have an even spread in opposite directions, in order for it to hold to the best advantage, and such follows with nails made in accordance with my invention, a nail so made being composed of two plates or strips of metal arranged side by side and brazed together or connected by a softer metal, or by means which, when the nail is being driven end foremost against a clinching-plate or last, will enable the two pieces to readily separate at the said end of the nail and turn or bend over in opposite directions relatively to each the nails from it by a machine for manufacturing cut-nails, two bars or plates of metal may be laid face to face and soldered together, and afterward be extended or drawn out to the necessary thickness between and by the aid of rollers, as may be required, to convert the mass either intoa compound plate or a compound wire. such a compound plate as made of the two plates a and I) joined by means as described. These two plates may be of like material, as copper, or brass, or iron, for instance; or one may be of one and the other of a different metalf I usually have one plate of copper or brass and the other of zinc, as such causes the heads of the nails, when smooth and even with the bottom of the sole, to present a pleasing or mottled appearance.

In making the nails from a wire composed of two metals, as described, I usually have the wire square, rectangular, or prismatic in its transverse section and twisted, so as to laythe two metals together, like the strands of arope, or in the form of a screw. A piece of nail wire composed of two strips of metal united by brazing or a softer metal is shown in Fig. 5, one strip being marked a and the other I). In this figure the two strips are represented as untwisted; but in Fig. 7 they are exhibited in'a twisted state for the making of a nail, as shown in Fig. 6. The twisting together of the strips of the wire not only is useful to stiffen them and prevent them from separating in the shanks of the nails while the nails are being driven, but it causes the nails to hold in the leather or sole to better advantage, and does not materially affect their ability to clinch in the desired manner. In driving such a nail into a sole and against a clinching-surface, the nail, if of sufficient length, may be spread or clinched at the-head as well as at the joint, such saving the necessity of making the nails with heads to project laterally from the shanks of such nails. If desirable, the compound nail-plate maybe somewhat tapering or wedgeshaped transversely.

I am aware that a nail has been constructed of two iron strips with an intervening steel one, and also that a peg has been made by twisting several strands of wire about a central strand and then immersing the whole in a solder bath. In my device two strips of a harder metal, as iron or copper, are united by a softer metal, as solder, and when the nail is driven in the force of the clinch causes tlfeir ends to separate, the soft metal yielding, and turn in opposite directions.

Figs. 1 and 2 show a portion of \Vhat I claim is- A nail consisting of two strips of metal 1. A nail consisting of two strips of iron or twisted and soldered together lengthwise, as other equivalent hard metal and an intervenset forth.

ing strip of solder or other equivalent soft HENRY SMITH CUSHMAN. 5 metal, as set forth. Vitnesses:

2. A nail consisting of two strips of metal EVERETT CHAPMAN,

soldered together lengthwise, as set forth. FRANCIS A. (JonnUnN. 

